あなたの英語学習タイプは？
効果的な学習法は人それぞれ
まずは1分診断で最適な方法を
読む前にチェック
あなたの英語が伸びない原因は？
ここでは、no matter構文とその言い換え表現である複合関係詞について解説をしていきます。会話でも使われる表現ですので、何度も音読していつでも使えるようになりましょう。
目次
No matter＋疑問詞＋主語＋動詞
この構文は副詞節の役割を果たします。複合関係詞に言い換えが可能ですが、no matter構文のほうが会話で使われる傾向にあります。それでは、一つずつ見ていきましょう。
・No matter who 「誰が～しようとも」
= Whoever
誰が来ようとも、私は外に出ません。
No matter who comes, I won’t go out.
= Whoever comes, I won’t go out.
No matter who comes, I won’t go out.
= Whoever comes, I won’t go out.
・No matter which 「どちらを～しようとも」
= Whichever
どちらを選択しようが、あなたは私には勝てません。
No matter which you choose, you won’t beat me.
= Whichever you choose, you won’t beat me.
No matter which you choose, you won’t beat me.
= Whichever you choose, you won’t beat me.
・No matter which＋名詞 「どちらの（名詞）を～しようとも」
= Whichever＋名詞
どちらの本で勉強しようとも、あまり変わりません。
No matter which book you study with, it will make little difference.
= Whichever book you study with, it will make little difference.
No matter which book you study with, it will make little difference.
= Whichever book you study with, it will make little difference.
・No matter what 「何が～しようとも」
= Whatever
何が起きようとも、彼は冷静でいた。
No matter what happened, he stayed calm.
= Whatever happened, he stayed calm.
No matter what happened, he stayed calm.
= Whatever happened, he stayed calm.
・No matter what＋名詞 「何の（名詞）を～しようとも」
= Whatever＋名詞
何のアドバイスを彼にあげようとも、彼はそれを全く聞かなかった。
No matter what advice I gave him, he didn’t listen to it at all.
= Whatever advice I gave him, he didn’t listen to it at all.
No matter what advice I gave him, he didn’t listen to it at all.
= Whatever advice I gave him, he didn’t listen to it at all.
・No matter when 「いつ～しようとも」
= Whenever
いつあなたがそのビジネスを始めようが、成功する確率は低いでしょう。
No matter when you start the business, the possibility of your success will be low.
= Whenever you start the business, the possibility of your success will be low.
No matter when you start the business, the possibility of your success will be low.
= Whenever you start the business, the possibility of your success will be low.
・No matter where 「どこで～しようとも」
= Wherever
あなたがどこへいても、私はあなたのことを忘れません。
No matter where you are, I won’t forget you.
= Wherever you are, I won’t forget you.
No matter where you are, I won’t forget you.
= Wherever you are, I won’t forget you.
・No matter how 「どうやって～しようとも」
= However
どうやってそれを行ったとしても、結果は同じだった。
No matter how I did it, the result was the same.
= However I did it, the result was the same.
No matter how I did it, the result was the same.
= However I did it, the result was the same.
・No matter how＋副詞・形容詞＋（名詞） 「どんなに（副詞・形容詞＋（名詞））～しようとも」
= However＋副詞・形容詞＋（名詞）
どんなにたくさんのお金を持っていようが、それで愛を買うことはできない。
No matter how much money you have, you cannot buy love with it.
= However much money you have, you cannot buy love with it.
No matter how much money you have, you cannot buy love with it.
= However much money you have, you cannot buy love with it.
前述の通り、この形は副詞節なので下記のように主節と入れ替えることもできます。
No matter how much money you have, you cannot buy love with it.
副詞節（従属節） 主節
= You cannot buy love with it no matter how much money you have.
副詞節（従属節） 主節
= You cannot buy love with it no matter how much money you have.
mayを挿入するパターン
複合関係代名詞とno matter構文には、mayを挿入することができます。これは文語的な言い方であり、会話では通常使われません。
No matter who (may) come, I won’t go out.
= Whoever (may) come, I won’t go out.
時制が過去の場合はmayを使いません。
= Whoever (may) come, I won’t go out.
時制が過去の場合はmayを使いません。
>No matter how I did it, the result was the same.
= However I did it, the result was the same.